by erichayes » Sat Feb 18, 2006 3:44 pm
Hi All,
A few notes:
Analog meters, by nature, have inertia in their movements and can generally resolve to only 3 significant figures by interpolation. In fact, the old VU meter has movement ballistics called out in its specifications.
Digital multimeters are designed to have no lag time (other than the gate rate) and read directly to 3 or 4 SF. Many have an "analog" bar display to make it easier to follow trends, as the least SF is usually doing a jig when measuring all but the most stable of voltages.
When measuring quiescent cathode current while setting bias, it is not only desirable but necessary to have no signal on the input. The jumping around of the meter reading is actually the signal modulating the DC voltage flowing through the cathode. A steady-state signal, such as an oscillator, can be connected to the input for purposes of monitoring cathode current vs power output, but the initial setting must be at zero signal.
A light bulb can indeed be used as a load. Use a #47 or 1847 for low level loading, such as bias setting. Use a #1156 back-up/turn signal bulb if you're planning to twist the amp's tail a bit.
Eric in the Jefferson State